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BoredOS/src/dev/disk_manager.c
zeyad ed5f10eb7d pr: Add lslbk disk listing command (#24) 
* add lsblk disk listing command

* fix lsblk placeholder labels

* fix fat32 volume labels

* doc lsblk command

* add lsblk to help

* doc lsblk usage
2026-05-11 18:59:31 +02:00

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// Copyright (c) 2023-2026 Chris (boreddevnl)
// This software is released under the GNU General Public License v3.0. See LICENSE file for details.
// This header needs to maintain in any file it is present in, as per the GPL license terms.
#include "disk.h"
#include "pci.h"
#include "memory_manager.h"
#include "io.h"
#include "wm.h"
#include "ahci.h"
#include "../fs/vfs.h"
#include "../fs/fat32.h"
#include "../sys/spinlock.h"
#include <stddef.h>
static spinlock_t ide_lock = SPINLOCK_INIT;
static Disk *disks[MAX_DISKS];
static int disk_count = 0;
static int next_drive_letter_idx = 0; // For backward compat
static int next_sd_index = 0; // For sda, sdb, sdc...
extern void serial_write(const char *str);
extern void serial_write_num(uint64_t num);
extern void log_ok(const char *msg);
extern void log_fail(const char *msg);
// === String Helpers ===
static void dm_strcpy(char *dest, const char *src) {
while (*src) *dest++ = *src++;
*dest = 0;
}
static int dm_strcmp(const char *a, const char *b) {
while (*a && *a == *b) { a++; b++; }
return (unsigned char)*a - (unsigned char)*b;
}
static int dm_strlen(const char *s) {
int n = 0;
while (s[n]) n++;
return n;
}
static void dm_copy_fat_label(char *dst, const uint8_t *src) {
int end = 11;
while (end > 0 && src[end - 1] == ' ') end--;
for (int i = 0; i < end && i < 31; i++) dst[i] = (char)src[i];
dst[end < 31 ? end : 31] = 0;
}
static void disk_load_fat32_label(Disk *disk) {
uint8_t *buffer;
FAT32_BootSector *bpb;
char label[32];
if (!disk || !disk->read_sector) return;
buffer = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (!buffer) return;
if (disk->read_sector(disk, 0, buffer) == 0 && buffer[510] == 0x55 && buffer[511] == 0xAA) {
bpb = (FAT32_BootSector*)buffer;
dm_copy_fat_label(label, bpb->volume_label);
if (label[0]) dm_strcpy(disk->label, label);
}
kfree(buffer);
}
// === ATA Definitions (Legacy IDE PIO — kept as fallback) ===
#define ATA_PRIMARY_IO 0x1F0
#define ATA_PRIMARY_CTRL 0x3F6
#define ATA_SECONDARY_IO 0x170
#define ATA_SECONDARY_CTRL 0x376
#define ATA_REG_DATA 0x00
#define ATA_REG_ERROR 0x01
#define ATA_REG_FEATURES 0x01
#define ATA_REG_SEC_COUNT0 0x02
#define ATA_REG_LBA0 0x03
#define ATA_REG_LBA1 0x04
#define ATA_REG_LBA2 0x05
#define ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL 0x06
#define ATA_REG_COMMAND 0x07
#define ATA_REG_STATUS 0x07
#define ATA_CMD_READ_PIO 0x20
#define ATA_CMD_WRITE_PIO 0x30
#define ATA_CMD_IDENTIFY 0xEC
#define ATA_SR_BSY 0x80
#define ATA_SR_DRDY 0x40
#define ATA_SR_DF 0x20
#define ATA_SR_DSC 0x10
#define ATA_SR_DRQ 0x08
#define ATA_SR_CORR 0x04
#define ATA_SR_IDX 0x02
#define ATA_SR_ERR 0x01
typedef struct {
uint16_t port_base;
bool slave;
} ATADriverData;
// === ATA PIO Driver ===
static int ata_wait_bsy(uint16_t port_base) {
int timeout = 10000000;
while ((inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS) & ATA_SR_BSY) && --timeout > 0);
return timeout <= 0 ? -1 : 0;
}
static int ata_wait_drq(uint16_t port_base) {
int timeout = 10000000;
while (!(inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS) & (ATA_SR_DRQ | ATA_SR_ERR)) && --timeout > 0);
if (timeout <= 0 || (inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS) & ATA_SR_ERR)) return -1;
return 0;
}
static int ata_identify(uint16_t port_base, bool slave) {
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL, slave ? 0xB0 : 0xA0);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_SEC_COUNT0, 0);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA0, 0);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA1, 0);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA2, 0);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, ATA_CMD_IDENTIFY);
uint8_t status = inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS);
if (status == 0) return 0;
int timeout = 10000;
while ((inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS) & ATA_SR_BSY) && --timeout > 0) {
status = inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS);
if (status == 0) return 0;
}
if (timeout <= 0) return 0;
if (inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS) & ATA_SR_ERR) return 0;
if (ata_wait_drq(port_base) != 0) return 0;
if (inb(port_base + ATA_REG_STATUS) & ATA_SR_ERR) return 0;
uint32_t sectors = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
uint16_t data = inw(port_base + ATA_REG_DATA);
if (i == 60) sectors |= (uint32_t)data;
if (i == 61) sectors |= (uint32_t)data << 16;
}
return sectors;
}
static int ata_read_sector(Disk *disk, uint32_t lba, uint8_t *buffer) {
ATADriverData *data = (ATADriverData*)disk->driver_data;
uint16_t port_base = data->port_base;
bool slave = data->slave;
// For partition reads, add the partition LBA offset
if (disk->is_partition && disk->parent) {
lba += disk->partition_lba_offset;
// Use parent's driver
data = (ATADriverData*)disk->parent->driver_data;
port_base = data->port_base;
slave = data->slave;
}
uint64_t flags = spinlock_acquire_irqsave(&ide_lock);
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL, 0xE0 | (slave << 4) | ((lba >> 24) & 0x0F));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_FEATURES, 0x00);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_SEC_COUNT0, 1);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA0, (uint8_t)(lba));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA1, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA2, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, ATA_CMD_READ_PIO);
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
if (ata_wait_drq(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
uint16_t *ptr = (uint16_t*)buffer;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
ptr[i] = inw(port_base + ATA_REG_DATA);
}
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return 0;
}
static int ata_write_sector(Disk *disk, uint32_t lba, const uint8_t *buffer) {
ATADriverData *data = (ATADriverData*)disk->driver_data;
uint16_t port_base = data->port_base;
bool slave = data->slave;
// For partition writes, add the partition LBA offset
if (disk->is_partition && disk->parent) {
lba += disk->partition_lba_offset;
data = (ATADriverData*)disk->parent->driver_data;
port_base = data->port_base;
slave = data->slave;
}
uint64_t flags = spinlock_acquire_irqsave(&ide_lock);
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL, 0xE0 | (slave << 4) | ((lba >> 24) & 0x0F));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_FEATURES, 0x00);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_SEC_COUNT0, 1);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA0, (uint8_t)(lba));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA1, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA2, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, ATA_CMD_WRITE_PIO);
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
if (ata_wait_drq(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
const uint16_t *ptr = (const uint16_t*)buffer;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
outw(port_base + ATA_REG_DATA, ptr[i]);
}
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, 0xE7); // Cache Flush
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return 0;
}
static int ata_read_sectors(Disk *disk, uint32_t lba, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer) {
ATADriverData *data = (ATADriverData*)disk->driver_data;
uint16_t port_base = data->port_base;
bool slave = data->slave;
if (disk->is_partition && disk->parent) {
lba += disk->partition_lba_offset;
data = (ATADriverData*)disk->parent->driver_data;
port_base = data->port_base;
slave = data->slave;
}
uint64_t flags = spinlock_acquire_irqsave(&ide_lock);
while (count > 0) {
uint8_t batch = (count > 255) ? 255 : (uint8_t)count;
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL, 0xE0 | (slave << 4) | ((lba >> 24) & 0x0F));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_SEC_COUNT0, batch);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA0, (uint8_t)(lba));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA1, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA2, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, ATA_CMD_READ_PIO);
for (uint8_t b = 0; b < batch; b++) {
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0 || ata_wait_drq(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
uint16_t *pptr = (uint16_t*)(buffer + (b * 512));
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
pptr[i] = inw(port_base + ATA_REG_DATA);
}
}
lba += batch;
buffer += batch * 512;
count -= batch;
}
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return 0;
}
static int ata_write_sectors(Disk *disk, uint32_t lba, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer) {
ATADriverData *data = (ATADriverData*)disk->driver_data;
uint16_t port_base = data->port_base;
bool slave = data->slave;
if (disk->is_partition && disk->parent) {
lba += disk->partition_lba_offset;
data = (ATADriverData*)disk->parent->driver_data;
port_base = data->port_base;
slave = data->slave;
}
uint64_t flags = spinlock_acquire_irqsave(&ide_lock);
while (count > 0) {
uint8_t batch = (count > 255) ? 255 : (uint8_t)count;
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL, 0xE0 | (slave << 4) | ((lba >> 24) & 0x0F));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_SEC_COUNT0, batch);
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA0, (uint8_t)(lba));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA1, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_LBA2, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16));
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, ATA_CMD_WRITE_PIO);
for (uint8_t b = 0; b < batch; b++) {
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0 || ata_wait_drq(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
const uint16_t *pptr = (const uint16_t*)(buffer + (b * 512));
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
outw(port_base + ATA_REG_DATA, pptr[i]);
}
}
outb(port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, 0xE7); // Cache Flush
if (ata_wait_bsy(port_base) != 0) {
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return -1;
}
lba += batch;
buffer += batch * 512;
count -= batch;
}
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return 0;
}
// === Device Naming ===
const char* disk_get_next_dev_name(void) {
static char name[8];
name[0] = 's';
name[1] = 'd';
name[2] = 'a' + next_sd_index;
name[3] = 0;
next_sd_index++;
return name;
}
// === Registration ===
void disk_register(Disk *disk) {
if (disk_count >= MAX_DISKS) return;
// Auto-assign devname if empty
if (disk->devname[0] == 0) {
const char *n = disk_get_next_dev_name();
dm_strcpy(disk->devname, n);
}
disk->registered = true;
disks[disk_count++] = disk;
serial_write("[DISK] Registered /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write(" (");
serial_write(disk->label);
serial_write(") size=");
serial_write_num(disk->total_sectors);
serial_write(" sectors\n");
}
void disk_register_partition(Disk *parent, uint32_t lba_offset, uint32_t sector_count,
bool is_fat32, bool is_esp, int part_num) {
if (disk_count >= MAX_DISKS) return;
Disk *part = (Disk*)kmalloc(sizeof(Disk));
if (!part) return;
// Build name: parent_devname + partition number (e.g. "sda1")
int len = dm_strlen(parent->devname);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) part->devname[i] = parent->devname[i];
part->devname[len] = '0' + part_num;
part->devname[len + 1] = 0;
part->type = parent->type;
part->is_fat32 = is_fat32;
part->is_esp = is_esp;
dm_strcpy(part->label, is_esp ? "EFI System Partition" : (is_fat32 ? "FAT32 Partition" : "Unknown Partition"));
part->partition_lba_offset = lba_offset;
part->total_sectors = sector_count;
part->read_sector = parent->read_sector;
part->write_sector = parent->write_sector;
part->driver_data = parent->driver_data;
part->parent = parent;
part->is_partition = true;
part->registered = true;
if (is_fat32) disk_load_fat32_label(part);
disks[disk_count++] = part;
serial_write("[DISK] Registered /dev/");
serial_write(part->devname);
serial_write(" (LBA offset ");
serial_write_num(lba_offset);
serial_write(", ");
serial_write_num(sector_count);
serial_write(" sectors, FAT32=");
serial_write(is_fat32 ? "yes" : "no");
if (is_esp) serial_write(", ESP=yes");
serial_write(")\n");
if (is_fat32) {
// Try to initialize and mount FAT32 volume to VFS
void *vol = fat32_mount_volume(part);
if (vol) {
char mount_path[32];
mount_path[0] = '/';
mount_path[1] = 'd'; mount_path[2] = 'e'; mount_path[3] = 'v'; mount_path[4] = '/';
dm_strcpy(mount_path + 5, part->devname);
if (vfs_mount(mount_path, part->devname, "fat32", fat32_get_realfs_ops(), vol)) {
char ok_msg[64];
dm_strcpy(ok_msg, "Mounted ");
dm_strcpy(ok_msg + 8, mount_path);
log_ok(ok_msg);
wm_notify_fs_change();
} else {
char fail_msg[64];
dm_strcpy(fail_msg, "Failed to mount ");
dm_strcpy(fail_msg + 16, mount_path);
log_fail(fail_msg);
}
}
}
}
// === Lookup ===
Disk* disk_get_by_name(const char *devname) {
if (!devname) return NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < disk_count; i++) {
if (dm_strcmp(disks[i]->devname, devname) == 0) {
return disks[i];
}
}
return NULL;
}
int disk_get_count(void) {
return disk_count;
}
Disk* disk_get_by_index(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= disk_count) return NULL;
return disks[index];
}
// === Backward Compat (deprecated) ===
char disk_get_next_free_letter(void) {
char letter = 'B' + next_drive_letter_idx++;
if (letter > 'Z') return 0;
return letter;
}
Disk* disk_get_by_letter(char letter) {
// Maps old letter scheme: A=ramfs (not a block device), B+=first real disk, etc.
if (letter >= 'a' && letter <= 'z') letter -= 32;
// A: was the ramdisk — return NULL since ramfs is now VFS-managed
if (letter == 'A') return NULL;
// B-Z map to disk indices 0, 1, 2...
// Find real disks (non-RAM, non-partition-parent)
int real_idx = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < disk_count; i++) {
if (disks[i]->is_partition && disks[i]->is_fat32) {
if (real_idx == (letter - 'B')) {
return disks[i];
}
real_idx++;
}
}
return NULL;
}
// === MBR Partition Table ===
typedef struct {
uint8_t status;
uint8_t chs_first[3];
uint8_t type;
uint8_t chs_last[3];
uint32_t lba_start;
uint32_t sector_count;
} __attribute__((packed)) MBR_PartitionEntry;
#define PART_TYPE_FAT32 0x0B
#define PART_TYPE_FAT32_LBA 0x0C
static bool is_fat32_bpb(const uint8_t *sector) {
if (sector[510] != 0x55 || sector[511] != 0xAA) return false;
if (sector[82] == 'F' && sector[83] == 'A' && sector[84] == 'T' &&
sector[85] == '3' && sector[86] == '2') {
return true;
}
uint16_t bps = *(uint16_t*)&sector[11];
uint16_t spf16 = *(uint16_t*)&sector[22];
uint32_t spf32 = *(uint32_t*)&sector[36];
if (bps == 512 && spf16 == 0 && spf32 > 0) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
// Parse MBR and register each partition as a child block device
static void parse_mbr_partitions(Disk *disk) {
uint8_t *buffer = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (!buffer) return;
if (disk->read_sector(disk, 0, buffer) != 0) {
serial_write("[DISK] MBR read failed on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
kfree(buffer);
return;
}
// Check for valid MBR signature
if (buffer[510] != 0x55 || buffer[511] != 0xAA) {
serial_write("[DISK] Invalid MBR signature on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
kfree(buffer);
return;
}
MBR_PartitionEntry *partitions = (MBR_PartitionEntry*)&buffer[446];
int part_num = 1;
int part_count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
uint32_t start = partitions[i].lba_start;
uint32_t size = partitions[i].sector_count;
uint8_t type = partitions[i].type;
if (type == 0x00) continue; // Empty entry
if (size == 0) continue;
if (start >= disk->total_sectors) continue; // Invalid start
bool fat32 = false;
if (type == PART_TYPE_FAT32 || type == PART_TYPE_FAT32_LBA) {
// Verify by reading the BPB
uint8_t *pbuf = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (pbuf) {
if (disk->read_sector(disk, start, pbuf) == 0) {
fat32 = is_fat32_bpb(pbuf);
}
kfree(pbuf);
}
}
disk_register_partition(disk, partitions[i].lba_start,
partitions[i].sector_count, fat32, false, part_num);
part_count++;
part_num++;
}
// Fallback: if no partitions found, check if entire disk is a raw FAT32 volume
if (part_num == 1 && is_fat32_bpb(buffer)) {
serial_write("[DISK] No MBR partitions — raw FAT32 volume on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
disk->is_fat32 = true;
disk->partition_lba_offset = 0;
disk_load_fat32_label(disk);
} else if (part_count == 0) {
serial_write("[DISK] No MBR partitions found on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
}
kfree(buffer);
}
// === ATA Drive Discovery ===
static void try_add_ata_drive(uint16_t port, bool slave, const char *name) {
uint32_t sectors = ata_identify(port, slave);
if (sectors > 0) {
Disk *new_disk = (Disk*)kmalloc(sizeof(Disk));
if (!new_disk) return;
ATADriverData *data = (ATADriverData*)kmalloc(sizeof(ATADriverData));
data->port_base = port;
data->slave = slave;
new_disk->devname[0] = 0; // Auto-assign
new_disk->type = DISK_TYPE_IDE;
dm_strcpy(new_disk->label, name);
new_disk->read_sector = ata_read_sector;
new_disk->write_sector = ata_write_sector;
new_disk->read_sectors = ata_read_sectors;
new_disk->write_sectors = ata_write_sectors;
new_disk->driver_data = data;
new_disk->partition_lba_offset = 0;
new_disk->total_sectors = sectors;
new_disk->parent = NULL;
new_disk->is_partition = false;
new_disk->is_fat32 = false;
disk_register(new_disk);
// Parse MBR to find partitions
parse_mbr_partitions(new_disk);
}
}
// === Init & Scan ===
void disk_manager_init(void) {
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_DISKS; i++) {
disks[i] = NULL;
}
disk_count = 0;
next_sd_index = 0;
next_drive_letter_idx = 0;
log_ok("Disk manager ready");
}
void disk_manager_scan(void) {
serial_write("[DISK] Initializing AHCI (SATA DMA)...\n");
ahci_init();
if (ahci_get_port_count() == 0) {
serial_write("[DISK] No AHCI ports found, falling back to legacy IDE...\n");
try_add_ata_drive(ATA_PRIMARY_IO, false, "IDE Primary Master");
try_add_ata_drive(ATA_PRIMARY_IO, true, "IDE Primary Slave");
try_add_ata_drive(ATA_SECONDARY_IO, false, "IDE Secondary Master");
try_add_ata_drive(ATA_SECONDARY_IO, true, "IDE Secondary Slave");
log_ok("IDE probing complete");
} else {
log_ok("AHCI ports initialized, skipping IDE");
}
}
static uint32_t crc32_compute(const uint8_t *data, uint32_t len) {
uint32_t crc = 0xFFFFFFFF;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
crc ^= data[i];
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
crc = (crc >> 1) ^ (0xEDB88320 & -(crc & 1));
}
return ~crc;
}
#define GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT 128
#define GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE 128
_Static_assert(GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT * GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE == 32 * 512,
"GPT partition array must be exactly 32 sectors");
static const uint8_t GPT_GUID_ESP[16] = {
0x28, 0x73, 0x2A, 0xC1, 0x1F, 0xF8, 0xD2, 0x11,
0xBA, 0x4B, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xC9, 0x3E, 0xC9, 0x3B
};
static const uint8_t GPT_GUID_BASIC_DATA[16] = {
0xA2, 0xA0, 0xD0, 0xEB, 0xE5, 0xB9, 0x33, 0x44,
0x87, 0xC0, 0x68, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0x26, 0x99, 0xC7
};
typedef struct __attribute__((packed)) {
uint64_t signature;
uint32_t revision;
uint32_t header_size;
uint32_t crc32;
uint32_t reserved;
uint64_t my_lba;
uint64_t alternate_lba;
uint64_t first_usable_lba;
uint64_t last_usable_lba;
uint8_t disk_guid[16];
uint64_t partition_entry_lba;
uint32_t num_partition_entries;
uint32_t size_of_partition_entry;
uint32_t partition_entry_array_crc32;
} GPT_Header;
typedef struct __attribute__((packed)) {
uint8_t type_guid[16];
uint8_t partition_guid[16];
uint64_t start_lba;
uint64_t end_lba;
uint64_t attributes;
uint16_t name[36];
} GPT_Entry;
static void gpt_make_pseudo_guid(uint8_t *guid, const char *label, uint32_t total_sectors) {
uint32_t h = 5381;
for (int i = 0; label[i]; i++)
h = h * 33 + (unsigned char)label[i];
h ^= total_sectors;
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
guid[i] = (uint8_t)(h >> ((i % 4) * 8));
guid[8] = (guid[8] & 0x3F) | 0x80;
guid[6] = (guid[6] & 0x0F) | 0x40;
}
int disk_write_gpt(Disk *disk, disk_partition_spec_t *parts, int count) {
if (!disk || !parts || count <= 0 || count > GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT)
return -1;
uint32_t first_usable = 2048;
uint32_t last_usable = disk->total_sectors - 34;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (parts[i].sector_count == 0) {
serial_write("[GPT] Error: zero-sized partition\n");
return -1;
}
uint32_t start = parts[i].lba_start;
uint32_t end = start + parts[i].sector_count - 1;
if (start % 2048 != 0) {
start = ((start + 2047) / 2048) * 2048;
parts[i].lba_start = start;
end = start + parts[i].sector_count - 1;
serial_write("[GPT] Warning: start rounded up to 2048 boundary\n");
}
if (start < first_usable || end > last_usable) {
serial_write("[GPT] Error: partition out of usable range\n");
return -1;
}
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
uint32_t js = parts[j].lba_start;
uint32_t je = js + parts[j].sector_count - 1;
if (start <= je && end >= js) {
serial_write("[GPT] Error: overlapping partitions\n");
return -1;
}
}
}
uint8_t *entry_buf = (uint8_t *)kmalloc(GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT * GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE);
if (!entry_buf) return -1;
for (int i = 0; i < GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT * GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE; i++) entry_buf[i] = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
GPT_Entry *e = (GPT_Entry *)(entry_buf + i * GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE);
if (parts[i].flags & PART_FLAG_ESP)
for (int b = 0; b < 16; b++) e->type_guid[b] = GPT_GUID_ESP[b];
else
for (int b = 0; b < 16; b++) e->type_guid[b] = GPT_GUID_BASIC_DATA[b];
gpt_make_pseudo_guid(e->partition_guid, parts[i].label, disk->total_sectors);
e->start_lba = parts[i].lba_start;
e->end_lba = parts[i].lba_start + parts[i].sector_count - 1;
e->attributes = (parts[i].flags & PART_FLAG_ESP) ? 0x01 : 0x00;
/* UTF-16LE name */
for (int c = 0; c < 36 && parts[i].label[c]; c++)
e->name[c] = (uint16_t)(unsigned char)parts[i].label[c];
}
uint32_t entry_crc = crc32_compute(entry_buf, GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT * GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE);
uint8_t *hdr_buf = (uint8_t *)kmalloc(512);
if (!hdr_buf) { kfree(entry_buf); return -1; }
for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) hdr_buf[i] = 0;
GPT_Header *hdr = (GPT_Header *)hdr_buf;
hdr->signature = 0x5452415020494645ULL;
hdr->revision = 0x00010000;
hdr->header_size = 92;
hdr->crc32 = 0;
hdr->reserved = 0;
hdr->my_lba = 1;
hdr->alternate_lba = disk->total_sectors - 1;
hdr->first_usable_lba = first_usable;
hdr->last_usable_lba = last_usable;
gpt_make_pseudo_guid(hdr->disk_guid, disk->devname, disk->total_sectors);
hdr->partition_entry_lba = 2;
hdr->num_partition_entries = GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT;
hdr->size_of_partition_entry = GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE;
hdr->partition_entry_array_crc32 = entry_crc;
hdr->crc32 = 0;
hdr->crc32 = crc32_compute(hdr_buf, hdr->header_size);
uint8_t *mbr_buf = (uint8_t *)kmalloc(512);
if (!mbr_buf) { kfree(entry_buf); kfree(hdr_buf); return -1; }
for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) mbr_buf[i] = 0;
mbr_buf[446] = 0x00; /* Status: Non-bootable */
mbr_buf[447] = 0x00; mbr_buf[448] = 0x02; mbr_buf[449] = 0x00; /* CHS Start: 0x000200 */
mbr_buf[450] = 0xEE; /* Type: GPT Protective */
mbr_buf[451] = 0xFF; mbr_buf[452] = 0xFF; mbr_buf[453] = 0xFF; /* CHS End: 0xFFFFFF */
mbr_buf[454] = 0x01; mbr_buf[455] = 0x00; mbr_buf[456] = 0x00; mbr_buf[457] = 0x00; /* LBA Start: 1 */
uint32_t pmbr_size = disk->total_sectors - 1;
mbr_buf[458] = (uint8_t)(pmbr_size);
mbr_buf[459] = (uint8_t)(pmbr_size >> 8);
mbr_buf[460] = (uint8_t)(pmbr_size >> 16);
mbr_buf[461] = (uint8_t)(pmbr_size >> 24);
mbr_buf[510] = 0x55;
mbr_buf[511] = 0xAA;
disk->write_sector(disk, 0, mbr_buf);
kfree(mbr_buf);
if (disk->write_sector(disk, 1, hdr_buf) != 0) {
serial_write("[GPT] Error: failed to write header\n");
kfree(entry_buf); kfree(hdr_buf); return -1;
}
for (int s = 0; s < 32; s++) {
if (disk->write_sector(disk, 2 + s, entry_buf + s * 512) != 0) {
serial_write("[GPT] Error: failed to write partition entries\n");
kfree(entry_buf); kfree(hdr_buf); return -1;
}
}
GPT_Header *bhdr = (GPT_Header *)hdr_buf;
for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) hdr_buf[i] = 0;
bhdr->signature = 0x5452415020494645ULL;
bhdr->revision = 0x00010000;
bhdr->header_size = 92;
bhdr->my_lba = disk->total_sectors - 1;
bhdr->alternate_lba = 1;
bhdr->first_usable_lba = first_usable;
bhdr->last_usable_lba = last_usable;
gpt_make_pseudo_guid(bhdr->disk_guid, disk->devname, disk->total_sectors);
bhdr->partition_entry_lba = disk->total_sectors - 33;
bhdr->num_partition_entries = GPT_PART_ENTRY_COUNT;
bhdr->size_of_partition_entry = GPT_PART_ENTRY_SIZE;
bhdr->partition_entry_array_crc32 = entry_crc;
bhdr->crc32 = 0;
bhdr->crc32 = crc32_compute(hdr_buf, bhdr->header_size);
for (int s = 0; s < 32; s++) {
disk->write_sector(disk, disk->total_sectors - 33 + s, entry_buf + s * 512);
}
disk->write_sector(disk, disk->total_sectors - 1, hdr_buf);
kfree(entry_buf);
kfree(hdr_buf);
serial_write("[DISK] GPT written to /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
return 0;
}
int disk_write_mbr(Disk *disk, disk_partition_spec_t *parts, int count) {
if (!disk || !parts || count <= 0 || count > 4) return -1;
uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t *)kmalloc(512);
if (!buf) return -1;
for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) buf[i] = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (parts[i].sector_count == 0) { kfree(buf); return -1; }
uint8_t *entry = buf + 446 + i * 16;
entry[0] = 0x80;
entry[4] = 0x0C;
uint32_t lba_start = parts[i].lba_start;
uint32_t sec_count = parts[i].sector_count;
entry[8] = (uint8_t)(lba_start);
entry[9] = (uint8_t)(lba_start >> 8);
entry[10] = (uint8_t)(lba_start >> 16);
entry[11] = (uint8_t)(lba_start >> 24);
entry[12] = (uint8_t)(sec_count);
entry[13] = (uint8_t)(sec_count >> 8);
entry[14] = (uint8_t)(sec_count >> 16);
entry[15] = (uint8_t)(sec_count >> 24);
}
buf[510] = 0x55;
buf[511] = 0xAA;
int ret = disk->write_sector(disk, 0, buf);
kfree(buf);
if (ret == 0) {
serial_write("[DISK] MBR written to /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
}
return ret;
}
int disk_sync(Disk *disk) {
if (!disk) return -1;
Disk *target = disk->parent ? disk->parent : disk;
// Use device-specific sync if available
if (target->sync) return target->sync(target);
if (target->type == DISK_TYPE_IDE) {
ATADriverData *data = (ATADriverData *)target->driver_data;
if (!data) return -1;
uint64_t flags = spinlock_acquire_irqsave(&ide_lock);
if (ata_wait_bsy(data->port_base) == 0) {
outb(data->port_base + ATA_REG_HDDEVSEL, data->slave ? 0xB0 : 0xA0);
outb(data->port_base + ATA_REG_COMMAND, 0xE7);
ata_wait_bsy(data->port_base);
}
spinlock_release_irqrestore(&ide_lock, flags);
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
static void disk_remove_partitions(Disk *parent) {
for (int i = 0; i < disk_count; i++) {
if (disks[i] && disks[i]->parent == parent) {
Disk *p = disks[i];
// Unmount from VFS if it's mounted
char mount_path[32];
mount_path[0] = '/';
mount_path[1] = 'd'; mount_path[2] = 'e'; mount_path[3] = 'v'; mount_path[4] = '/';
dm_strcpy(mount_path + 5, p->devname);
extern bool vfs_umount(const char *mount_path);
vfs_umount(mount_path);
for (int j = i; j < disk_count - 1; j++) {
disks[j] = disks[j + 1];
}
disks[disk_count - 1] = NULL;
disk_count--;
i--;
kfree(p);
}
}
}
static void parse_gpt_partitions(Disk *disk) {
uint8_t *buffer = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (!buffer) return;
if (disk->read_sector(disk, 1, buffer) != 0) {
serial_write("[DISK] GPT header read failed on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
kfree(buffer);
return;
}
GPT_Header *hdr = (GPT_Header *)buffer;
if (hdr->signature != 0x5452415020494645ULL) {
serial_write("[DISK] GPT signature missing on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
kfree(buffer);
return;
}
uint32_t num_entries = hdr->num_partition_entries;
uint32_t entry_size = hdr->size_of_partition_entry;
uint64_t entry_lba = hdr->partition_entry_lba;
uint8_t *entry_buf = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (!entry_buf) { kfree(buffer); return; }
int part_num = 1;
int part_count = 0;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_entries && i < 128; i++) {
uint32_t entry_lba_offset = (uint32_t)entry_lba + (i * entry_size) / 512;
uint32_t entry_sector_offset = (i * entry_size) % 512;
if (disk->read_sector(disk, entry_lba_offset, entry_buf) != 0) break;
GPT_Entry *entry = (GPT_Entry *)(entry_buf + entry_sector_offset);
bool zero = true;
for (int j = 0; j < 16; j++) if (entry->type_guid[j] != 0) { zero = false; break; }
if (zero) continue;
uint32_t start = (uint32_t)entry->start_lba;
uint32_t end = (uint32_t)entry->end_lba;
uint32_t size = end - start + 1;
if (size == 0) continue;
static const uint8_t esp_guid[16] = {
0x28, 0x73, 0x2A, 0xC1, 0x1F, 0xF8, 0xD2, 0x11,
0xBA, 0x4B, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xC9, 0x3E, 0xC9, 0x3B
};
bool is_esp = true;
for (int j = 0; j < 16; j++) if (entry->type_guid[j] != esp_guid[j]) { is_esp = false; break; }
bool fat32 = false;
if (is_esp) fat32 = true;
else {
uint8_t *pbuf = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (pbuf) {
if (disk->read_sector(disk, start, pbuf) == 0) {
fat32 = is_fat32_bpb(pbuf);
}
kfree(pbuf);
}
}
disk_register_partition(disk, start, size, fat32, is_esp, part_num++);
part_count++;
}
if (part_count == 0) {
serial_write("[DISK] GPT found but no partitions registered on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
}
kfree(entry_buf);
kfree(buffer);
}
int disk_rescan(Disk *disk) {
if (!disk || disk->is_partition) return -1;
disk_remove_partitions(disk);
serial_write("[DISK] Rescanning /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
uint8_t *buffer = (uint8_t*)kmalloc(512);
if (buffer) {
if (disk->read_sector(disk, 1, buffer) == 0) {
GPT_Header *hdr = (GPT_Header*)buffer;
if (hdr->signature == 0x5452415020494645ULL) {
serial_write("[DISK] GPT detected on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
kfree(buffer);
parse_gpt_partitions(disk);
return 0;
}
} else {
serial_write("[DISK] GPT probe read failed on /dev/");
serial_write(disk->devname);
serial_write("\n");
}
kfree(buffer);
}
parse_mbr_partitions(disk);
return 0;
}
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